《生物科学》杂志的一项研究表明，灰狼的消失导致美国西部国家公园的麋鹿数量过剩和树木数量减少。 Gray wolves' absence leads to elk overpopulation and tree decline in Western US national parks, as indicated by a study in BioScience.
《生物科学》的一项研究揭示了灰狼在美国西部生态系统中的重要作用，由于大型捕食者的缺失，导致黄石国家公园、奥林匹克国家公园和风洞国家公园的麋鹿数量过剩，树木数量减少。 A study in BioScience reveals the significant role of gray wolves in American West ecosystems, with the absence of large predators leading to elk overpopulation and declining tree recruitment in Yellowstone, Olympic, and Wind Cave National Parks. 该研究强调了考虑历史背景和捕食者对未来生态研究成果的潜在影响的重要性。 The research emphasizes the importance of considering historical context and the potential influence of predators on findings in future ecological studies. 调查国家公园档案可以提供历史见解并为更有效的保护和管理策略提供参考。 Investigating national park archives can provide historical insights and inform more effective conservation and management strategies.