厄尔尼诺灾害：政府知道会发生什么，但尚未做好准备。 El Niño disasters: governments know what’s coming, but are unprepared .

厄尔尼诺现象在南部非洲引发的干旱主要是由于缺乏准备、应对措施不足和风险降低措施不力造成的。 El Niño-induced droughts in Southern Africa are primarily due to a lack of preparedness, inadequate response, and poor risk reduction measures. 尽管灾害是可以预见的，但政府常常采取被动反应，导致贫困社区持续遭受自然灾害。 Despite predictable disasters, governments often act reactively, leading to impoverished communities' continuous exposure to natural disasters. 需要立即采取干预措施，改进主动措施，缓解日益加剧和长期的干旱。 Immediate intervention is needed to improve proactive measures and mitigate the intensifying and prolonged droughts.