古巴2026年的改革允许国营公司根据新规则与私营企业联合经营,这标志着向市场一体化的谨慎转变。 Cuba's 2026 reform allows state firms to jointly operate with private businesses under new rules, marking a cautious shift toward market integration.

2026年3月,古巴根据第114/2025号法令启动了一项重大经济改革,允许国有企业通过新的混合有限责任公司结构,与私营中小微企业和合作社建立合法伙伴关系。 In March 2026, Cuba launched a major economic reform under Decree-Law 114/2025, allowing state enterprises to legally partner with private MSMEs and cooperatives through a new Mixed Limited Liability Company structure. 第一次此类搬迁允许通过兼并、股份收购或新编组建立合资企业,并由经济和规划部的一个特别委员会监督。 The move, the first of its kind, permits joint ventures via mergers, share acquisitions, or new formations, with oversight by a special commission within the Ministry of Economy and Planning. 虽然这些公司在定价、劳动和外汇账户方面获得了自主权,但它们仍然受到严格的国家控制,不能在卫生、教育或国防领域运作,必须用官方评估的国家资产全额支付资本。 While these companies gain autonomy in pricing, labor, and foreign currency accounts, they remain under strict state control, cannot operate in health, education, or defense, and must fully disburse capital with state assets officially appraised. 改革标志着朝着没有全面市场自由化的经济现代化迈出了谨慎的一步。 The reform marks a cautious step toward economic modernization without full market liberalization.