巴基斯坦每年进口100万吨豆类,支出9.8亿美元,原因是政策和气候挑战造成国内生产量低。 Pakistan imports 1 million tons of pulses yearly, spending $980 million, due to low domestic production from policy and climate challenges.

巴基斯坦每年用于豆类进口的支出近9.8亿美元,每年进口约100万吨,以满足150至162万吨的国民需求,国内生产只占一小部分。 Pakistan spends nearly $980 million annually on pulse imports, importing about 1 million tons yearly to meet a national demand of 1.5 to 1.62 million tons, with domestic production covering only a small fraction. 专家们将下降归因于1998年出口禁令,该禁令减少了农民的鼓励措施,联邦种子公司未能开发具有抗御力的种子品种,以及气候变化的影响,如Thal等关键地区的降雨量变化无常。 Experts attribute the decline to a 1998 export ban that reduced farmer incentives, the Federal Seed Corporation’s failure to develop resilient seed varieties, and climate change impacts like erratic rainfall in key regions such as Thal. 尽管豆类对营养和土壤健康十分重要,但拟议的PC-1促进种植倡议已经提交,但仍有待批准,而低利润率和有限的市场准入继续阻碍农民。 A proposed PC-1 initiative to boost cultivation has been submitted but remains pending approval, while low profitability and limited market access continue to deter farmers despite pulses’ importance for nutrition and soil health.