印度推动太阳能制造,以减少中国的依赖性,但在成本、效率和贸易方面面临挑战。 India boosts solar manufacturing to cut Chinese dependence, but faces challenges in cost, efficiency, and trade.

印度正在迅速扩大太阳能电池板生产规模,以满足不断增长的能源需求,并减少对中国进口的依赖,其驱动力是莫迪总理的“印度制造”政策、补贴和要求在公开招标中包含当地内容的规则。 India is rapidly scaling solar panel production to meet rising energy demand and reduce reliance on Chinese imports, driven by Prime Minister Modi’s “Make in India” policy, subsidies, and rules requiring local content in public tenders. 由Adani、Tata和Refliance经营的工厂正在全天候运行,预计生产能力将超过125千兆瓦,这增加了目前国内需求的三倍,引起人们对能力过剩的担忧。 Factories operated by Adani, Tata, and Reliance are running 24/7, with manufacturing capacity projected to exceed 125 GW—triple current domestic demand—raising concerns about overcapacity. 虽然可再生能源现在占印度发电能力的一半,但煤炭仍然供应75%的电力。 While renewables now make up half of India’s power capacity, coal still supplies 75% of electricity. 尽管取得了进展,但关键材料和技术仍然主要从中国进口,引发了世贸组织的贸易争端。 Despite progress, key materials and technology remain largely imported from China, sparking trade disputes at the WTO. 公司追求纵向一体化和全球出口,但面临成本较高、效率低于中国以及美国关税的挑战。 Companies are pursuing vertical integration and global exports, but face challenges from higher costs, lower efficiency compared to China, and U.S. tariffs. 能否取得长期成功取决于能否克服供应链、竞争力和地缘政治障碍。 Long-term success depends on overcoming supply chain, competitiveness, and geopolitical hurdles.