最高法院对特朗普的紧急关税提出质疑, Supreme Court questions Trump’s emergency tariffs, fearing unchecked executive power.

美国最高法院法官质疑总统唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)使用紧急权力对多个国家征收巨额关税的合法性, 三位保守法官对总统权力不受约束表示关切。 U.S. Supreme Court justices have questioned the legality of President Donald Trump’s use of emergency powers to impose sweeping tariffs on multiple countries, with three conservative justices expressing concern over unchecked presidential authority. 本案是对特朗普在高等法院担任总统的第一起重大法律挑战,它以贩毒问题全国紧急声明所证明的关税为中心。 The case, the first major legal challenge to Trump’s presidency at the high court, centers on tariffs justified by a national emergency declaration over drug trafficking. 包括Roberts、Gorsuch和Barrett在内的法官们对紧急状态法的广泛范围提出警告,警告它可能危险地将权力集中在行政部门,并破坏国会在确定关税方面的宪法作用。 Justices, including Roberts, Gorsuch, and Barrett, raised alarms about the broad scope of the emergency law, warning it could dangerously concentrate power in the executive branch and undermine Congress’s constitutional role in setting tariffs. 政府争辩说,关税是外交政策的一部分,而不是税收的一部分,但挑战者说,关税与国内税收一样,需要国会根据“主要问题学说”明确批准。 预计几周或几个月内会做出一项决定,对未来的贸易政策和各部门之间的权力平衡可能产生潜在影响。 The government argued the tariffs are part of foreign policy, not taxation, but challengers say they function like domestic taxes and require explicit congressional approval under the “major questions doctrine.” A decision is expected in weeks or months, with potential consequences for future trade policy and the balance of power between branches.