一项研究查明了四种可能与遗传学和产前接触有关的自闭症子类型,早期干预正在调查之中。 A study identifies four possible autism subtypes linked to genetics and prenatal exposures, with early interventions under investigation.

一项新研究提出四种潜在的自闭症子类型,但证据仍为初步证据。 A new study suggests four potential autism subtypes, though evidence remains preliminary. 研究突出了遗传学与产前环境因素——如PFAS、空气质量和药物等——之间的复杂相互作用,尽管大多数个人风险的影响较小。 Research highlights complex interactions between genetics and prenatal environmental factors—such as PFAS, air quality, and medications—though most individual risks have small effect sizes. 虽然发现PFAS和自闭症诊断之间没有直接联系,但较高接触率与社会和行为挑战相关。 While no direct link was found between PFAS and autism diagnoses, higher exposure correlated with social and behavioral challenges. 大脑研究显示自闭症成年人,特别是那些有更大的社会困难的人,突触密度降低,叶酸运输中断可能提供治疗目标,包括早期的leucovorin试验. Brain studies show reduced synaptic density in autistic adults, especially those with greater social difficulties, and disruptions in folate transport may offer treatment targets, including early trials of leucovorin. 怀孕期间的接触时间似乎至关重要,正在进行的研究旨在绘制遗传和环境因素如何汇合影响大脑发育的地图。 Timing of exposures during pregnancy appears critical, and ongoing research aims to map how genetic and environmental factors converge to influence brain development.