一项研究发现TRAPPIST-1e 缺乏大气层, 质疑关于可居住外行星的假设。 A study finds TRAPPIST-1e lacks atmospheres, challenging assumptions about habitable exoplanets.

一项新的研究发现,外行星TRAPPIST-1e缺乏可探测的二氧化碳和甲烷,表明许多类似的“异坦”行星可能缺乏大气层,提出了关于共同的可居住世界如何的疑问——尽管需要更好的望远镜来证实。 A new study finds the exoplanet TRAPPIST-1e lacks detectable carbon dioxide and methane, suggesting many similar "exo-Titan" planets may lack atmospheres, raising questions about how common habitable worlds are—though better telescopes are needed to confirm. 一种假设将黑死病在欧洲14世纪的蔓延与大约1345年的火山爆发联系起来,火山爆发可能引发气候混乱、饥荒和从蒙古帝国到意大利的粮食贸易增加,并可能引入传染瘟疫的大鼠。 A hypothesis links the Black Death’s spread in 14th-century Europe to volcanic eruptions around 1345, which may have triggered climate disruptions, famine, and increased grain trade from the Mongol Empire to Italy, potentially introducing plague-carrying rats. 来自树环和冰芯的证据支持了这一气候联系。 Evidence from tree rings and ice cores supports this climate link. 在另一项研究中,受感染的蚂蚁Pupae发出化学信号,促使工人蚂蚁消灭它们,防止整个殖民地的真菌感染,这是一种自我牺牲的行为,可以保护该群体。 In another study, infected ant pupae emit chemical signals that prompt worker ants to destroy them, preventing colony-wide fungal infections—a self-sacrificial behavior that protects the group.