美国最高法院可以裁定各州是否可以对化石燃料公司提起气候诉讼。 U.S. Supreme Court may decide whether states can pursue climate lawsuits against fossil fuel companies.

美国最高法院被敦促阻止与气候相关的诉讼, 批评者称之为「气候法则」, 认为这些诉讼有可能破坏国家能源政策。 The U.S. Supreme Court is being urged to block climate-related lawsuits that critics call "climate lawfare," arguing they risk undermining national energy policy. 科罗拉多州高等法院于2025年允许就气候损害对化石燃料公司提起诉讼, A Colorado case against fossil fuel companies over climate damages, allowed to proceed by the state’s high court in 2025, is central to the debate. 被告说,这类案件涉及复杂的国家和全球问题,最好由联邦机构而不是州法院处理。 Defendants say such cases involve complex national and global issues better handled by federal agencies, not state courts. 他们警告说,让当地陪审团决定气候责任可能会导致裁决不一致、事实上的碳税和更高的能源成本。 They warn that letting local juries decide on climate liability could lead to inconsistent rulings, de facto carbon taxes, and higher energy costs. 批评者还着重指出,在拥有积极清洁能源任务的地区,可再生能源可靠性和电价不断上涨的挑战,例如欧洲和加利福尼亚。 Critics also highlight challenges with renewable energy reliability and rising electricity prices in regions with aggressive clean energy mandates, citing examples like Europe and California. 由于现在大多数全球排放来自中国和印度等国家,反对者认为,州一级的诉讼分散了必要的国际合作和立法行动。 With most global emissions now from nations like China and India, opponents argue that state-level litigation distracts from needed international cooperation and legislative action.