2004年至2011年,南非的非洲企鹅人口由于过度捕捞和气候变化造成的沙丁鱼短缺导致饥饿,导致95%的非洲企鹅人口暴跌,使该物种濒临灭绝。 African penguin populations in South Africa plummeted 95% from 2004 to 2011 due to starvation from sardine shortages caused by overfishing and climate change, pushing the species toward extinction.

一项新研究将2004年至2011年间南非以外的非洲企鹅殖民地下降近95%与严重粮食短缺造成的大规模饥荒联系起来。 A new study links a near 95% decline in African penguin colonies off South Africa between 2004 and 2011 to mass starvation caused by severe food shortages. 研究者认为,由于过度捕捞和气候驱动的海洋条件变化,沙丁鱼种群的崩溃低于峰值水平的25%。 Researchers attribute the collapse to sardine populations dropping below 25% of peak levels, driven by overfishing and climate-driven shifts in ocean conditions. 全球只剩下不到10 000对育种,该物种被归类为严重濒危物种,到2035年在野外可能灭绝。 With fewer than 10,000 breeding pairs left globally, the species is classified as critically endangered, facing potential extinction in the wild by 2035. 养护工作包括在主要殖民地、人工巢穴和新育种地附近禁止捕鱼,尽管捕鱼和环境变化造成的持续威胁阻碍了恢复。 Conservation efforts include fishing bans near key colonies, artificial nests, and new breeding sites, though ongoing threats from fishing and environmental change hinder recovery.