研究发现,第一个乳房X光检查缺失后,乳腺癌死亡风险上升40%。 Missing first mammogram raises breast cancer death risk by 40%, study finds.

对432 000多名瑞典妇女进行的一项新的BMJ研究发现,没有第一部乳房X光检查,乳腺癌致死的长期风险增加了40%,这与未来筛查率较低和高级诊断率较高有关。 A new BMJ study of over 432,000 Swedish women found that missing the first mammogram increases the long-term risk of dying from breast cancer by 40%, linked to lower rates of future screenings and higher rates of advanced-stage diagnoses. 通过乳房X光检查早期发现至关重要,当癌症局部化时,5年存活率超过99%,但如果蔓延,则下降至32%左右。 Early detection through mammograms is vital, with five-year survival exceeding 99% when cancer is localized, but dropping to about 32% if it spreads. 在美国,美国预防服务工作队建议每隔一年对大多数妇女进行例行乳房X光检查,从40岁开始,到74岁为止,大多数妇女每一年进行一次乳房X光检查,为老年人作出个性化决定。 In the U.S., the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends routine mammograms every other year starting at age 40 for most women until 74, with individualized decisions for older adults. 高风险妇女可能需要更早或更频繁地进行筛查。 Higher-risk women may need earlier or more frequent screening. 乳房造影仍然是标准标准,而不建议例行进行乳房自检和其他测试。 Mammograms remain the standard, while breast self-exams and other tests are not routinely recommended. 这项研究强调,参加第一次筛查为持续护理确定了模式,并改进了长期成果。 The study highlights that attending the first screening sets a pattern for ongoing care and improves long-term outcomes.