后共产主义欧洲的老龄化人口,由于劳动力萎缩和对改革的抵制,到2050年,年GDP增长率可能会减少0.4%。 Aging populations in post-communist Europe could reduce annual GDP growth by 0.4% through 2050 due to shrinking workforces and resistance to reforms.

欧洲复兴开发银行警告说,后共产主义欧洲的老龄化人口正在威胁长期经济增长,预计到2050年,由于劳动适龄人口减少,人均国内生产总值增长率每年拖慢0.4%。 The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development warns that aging populations in post-communist Europe are threatening long-term economic growth, projecting a 0.4 percentage point annual drag on per capita GDP growth through 2050 due to shrinking working-age populations. 低出生率、预期寿命增加、政治上对改革的抵制,如晚退休、养恤金变动和移民增加等,都阻碍了进步。 Low birth rates, rising life expectancy, and political resistance to reforms like later retirement, pension changes, and increased immigration are hindering progress. 欧洲复兴开发银行强调,延长工作寿命、通过技术提高生产力和让年轻选民参与对避免经济停滞至关重要,因为年长的领导人和选民日益阻碍必要的变革。 The EBRD emphasizes that extending working lives, boosting productivity through technology, and engaging younger voters are critical to avoiding economic stagnation, as older leaders and voters increasingly block necessary changes.