苏格兰通过了土地改革法,以降低农村土地所有权的集中程度。 Scotland passes land reform law to reduce concentration of rural land ownership.

苏格兰议会已经通过了《土地改革(苏格兰)法案》,这是一项具有里程碑意义的措施,旨在降低农村土地所有权集中程度,目前有420名个人和实体控制着全国一半的私人农村土地。 Scotland’s Parliament has passed the Land Reform (Scotland) Bill, a landmark measure aimed at reducing the concentration of rural land ownership, with 420 individuals and entities currently controlling half the country’s private rural land. 该法引入了一项转让测试,要求政府批准1 000公顷以上土地的销售,规定社区通知和优先购买权,并要求土地所有者公布管理计划,对违规者予以处罚。 The law introduces a transfer test requiring government approval for sales of land over 1,000 hectares, mandates community notification and priority purchase rights, and requires landowners to publish management plans with penalties for non-compliance. 新的土地和社区事务专员将监督执行情况。 A new Land and Communities Commissioner will oversee implementation. 批评者,包括土地所有团体和苏格兰保守党, 认为其起草不善, 有可能损害私有财产和投资, 并可能导致法律挑战及官僚主义增加。 While supporters hail it as a transformative step toward equity and local empowerment, critics, including landowner groups and the Scottish Conservatives, argue it is poorly drafted, risks undermining private property and investment, and could lead to legal challenges and increased bureaucracy. 该法案标志着土地治理的重大转变,尽管其长期效力仍然不确定。 The bill marks a significant shift in land governance, though its long-term effectiveness remains uncertain.