美国对印度尼西亚的清洁能源援助陷入停顿;中国规模更大、速度更快的投资正在决定国家的能源未来。 U.S. clean energy aid to Indonesia stalled; China’s larger, faster investments are shaping the nation’s energy future.

印尼清洁能源转型已成为美国和中国之间的地缘政治热点,两国在世界上最大的煤矿出口国争夺影响力。 Indonesia’s clean energy transition has become a geopolitical flashpoint between the U.S. and China, with both nations competing for influence in the world’s top coal exporter. 虽然美国领导的 " 公正能源过渡伙伴关系 " 承诺提供200亿美元帮助淘汰煤炭,但只发放了12亿美元,被特朗普政府下的美国撤军削弱。 While the U.S.-led Just Energy Transition Partnership pledged $20 billion to help phase out coal, only $1.2 billion has been disbursed, weakened by the U.S. withdrawal under the Trump administration. 相形之下,中国在清洁能源方面获得了超过540亿美元的印度尼西亚国家公用事业,包括对太阳能、电动车辆和电池供应链的重大投资,从而能够快速发展基础设施。 In contrast, China has secured over $54 billion in clean energy deals with Indonesia’s state utility, including major investments in solar, electric vehicles, and battery supply chains, enabling rapid infrastructure development. 中国企业正在迅速建设工厂和项目,提供就业机会和能源保障,尽管环境关切依然存在,特别是在镍矿开采方面。 Chinese firms are building factories and projects quickly, offering jobs and energy security, though environmental concerns persist, particularly around nickel mining. 印度尼西亚过渡所需的资金超过970亿美元,而其可再生部门仍然很小,外国投资至关重要。 Indonesia needs over $97 billion for its transition, and with its renewable sector still small, foreign investment is critical. 中国的快速综合方法比美国对液化天然气的强调更具吸引力,从而决定了发展中国家如何驾驭全球能源转变。 China’s fast, integrated approach is proving more attractive than the U.S. emphasis on liquefied natural gas, shaping how developing nations navigate the global energy shift.