温暖的温度增加了德国葡萄园的兴盛 但极端的天气威胁着它们的未来 Warmer temperatures have boosted German vineyards, but extreme weather threatens their future.

气候变化使德国北部的葡萄园,包括位于柏林附近的类似蒙古和阿拉斯加的纬度上与蒙古和阿拉斯加相似的葡萄园,在经历了几十年的衰落之后得以兴旺发展。 Climate change has allowed vineyards in northern Germany, including one near Berlin at a latitude comparable to Mongolia and Alaska, to thrive after decades of decline. 自统一以来,夏季气温不断上升,超过1摄氏度,使9月开始的早期收获得以进行,葡萄成熟程度得到改善,导致2016年以来,根据欧盟扩张规则,新葡萄园面积超过200公顷。 Rising summer temperatures, exceeding 1°C since reunification, have enabled earlier harvests—starting in September—and improved grape ripening, leading to over 200 hectares of new vineyards since 2016 under EU expansion rules. 下萨克森州等地区的酒主们现在生产出像皮诺宁这样的红酒,从更温暖的条件中受益。 Winemakers in regions like Lower Saxony now produce reds such as Pinotin, benefiting from warmer conditions. 然而,极端天气、晚冻、干旱和雨量过大的风险增加,使真菌病恶化,如低温和埃斯卡,促使一些人采用抗药性葡萄品种。 However, increased risks from extreme weather, late frosts, droughts, and excessive rain have worsened fungal diseases like downy mildew and esca, prompting some to adopt resistant grape varieties. 尽管取得了进展,但由于与价格更低廉的南欧葡萄酒的竞争,经济挑战依然存在,而且这一依赖气候的行业的长期可持续性仍不确定。 Despite progress, economic challenges persist due to competition with cheaper southern European wines, and uncertainty remains about the long-term sustainability of this climate-dependent industry.