南非的“zama zamas”煤炭因贫困而非法开采, South African "zama zamas" mine coal illegally due to poverty, facing dangers in abandoned mines.

当地被称为“zama zamas”的个体煤矿开采者由于贫困和缺乏就业机会,在南非废弃的矿场面临危险条件。 Artisanal coal miners, known locally as "zama zamas," face dangerous conditions in abandoned South African mines due to poverty and lack of job opportunities. Emmanuel Siyabonga是Ermelo的一名矿工,在危险环境中配备了最低限度的设备,为烹饪和取暖提供煤炭。 Emmanuel Siyabonga, a miner in Ermelo, works with minimal equipment in hazardous environments to provide coal for cooking and heating. 尽管这些矿工对当地家庭至关重要,但政府将这些矿工视为罪犯,不能获得许可证,使他们没有合法的就业手段。 Despite being essential for local households, these miners are considered criminals by the government and cannot obtain permits, leaving them with no legal means of employment.