2011-2022 年美国宇航局喷气推进实验室数据显示，厄尔尼诺现象改变了沿海水域盐度，与 ENSO 相关并影响全球天气模式。 2011-2022 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory data shows that El Niño alters coastal water salinity, correlating with the ENSO and affecting global weather patterns.

NASA喷气推进实验室通过对2011年至2022年全球海洋表面盐度的卫星观测发现，厄尔尼诺现象改变了沿海水体盐度。 NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory discovered that El Niño alters coastal water salinity through satellite observations of global ocean surface salinity from 2011 to 2022. 海岸线附近盐度的逐年变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）相关，影响全球气候模式。 Year-to-year variations in salinity near coastlines correlate with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), affecting global weather patterns. 2015 年厄尔尼诺现象期间，科学家发现美国西南部降雨和降雪增多，印度尼西亚出现干旱。 During the 2015 El Niño event, scientists observed increased rain and snow in the southwestern US and drought in Indonesia.